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S&P Rates Michael Saylor’s Strategy “B-” with Stable Outlook

Strategy Receives Speculative B- Credit Rating Amid High Bitcoin Holdings and Liquidity Concerns

  • Strategy, a company with significant Bitcoin holdings, received a “B-” credit rating in the speculative, non-investment-grade category.
  • The rating reflects concerns about the company’s high Bitcoin concentration, narrow business model, and limited US dollar liquidity.
  • Strategy holds over 640,000 Bitcoin, primarily acquired through equity and debt financing.
  • An upgrade depends on improving US dollar liquidity, reducing convertible debt, and maintaining strong capital market access.
  • Risks include potential need to sell Bitcoin during market downturns and weakening capital access, which could lower the credit rating.

Strategy, a company known for holding a large Bitcoin treasury, has been assigned a “B-” credit rating, falling into the speculative “junk bond” category, with a stable outlook. The rating was issued on Monday and highlights concerns related to the company’s business and financial structure.

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The company has amassed 640,808 Bitcoin mainly through equity and debt funding. The stable outlook assumes that Strategy will carefully handle convertible debt maturity dates and fulfill preferred stock dividend payments, possibly by issuing more debt.

The rating reflects concerns including “high bitcoin concentration, narrow business focus, weak risk-adjusted capitalization, and low US dollar liquidity,” as well as an “inherent currency mismatch” because all debt is in US dollars, while much of the company’s US dollar reserves support its software business, which operates near breakeven in earnings and cash flow.

This assessment is notable as it marks the first time a Bitcoin-focused treasury company has received a formal credit rating, setting a benchmark for evaluating credit risk in crypto-centered firms.

Strategy shares the same “B-” rating as stablecoin issuer Sky Protocol, formerly MakerDAO, which faces issues such as centralized governance and weak capitalization. To move out of the speculative category, Strategy would need to improve its rating by six levels to reach BBB-minus.

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In 2024, Strategy was among the best-performing stocks on Nasdaq, surging 430%, though it has dipped 13% so far in 2025. Despite the credit rating, its stock increased 2.27% on the day of the rating announcement.

An upgrade within the next year is unlikely but could occur if the company boosts US dollar liquidity, reduces reliance on convertible debt, and maintains strong capital market access, including during Bitcoin Price drops.

However, there is a risk that convertible debt might mature during periods of Bitcoin price stress, forcing Strategy to sell Bitcoin at low prices. A loss of access to capital markets could also push the rating lower, impacting the company’s ability to fund its Bitcoin strategy.

Related article on financial services: source.

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