- The U.S. government began a federal shutdown at 12:01 a.m. on October 1, 2025, after Congress failed to pass a funding bill.
- This is the first shutdown in six years, caused by a deadlock in the Senate over short-term funding and Affordable Care Act subsidies.
- Essential services are continuing, but many federal employees are either furloughed or working without guaranteed pay.
- Both parties blame each other for the shutdown, with leaders issuing statements highlighting policy differences.
- Past shutdowns have had significant economic effects, with impacts on GDP growth, federal services, and worker pay.
The federal government shut down at 12:01 a.m. on October 1, 2025, after the Senate did not pass a funding bill before the deadline. Lawmakers from both major parties failed to reach the required 60 votes to approve new legislation, causing operations to halt across multiple federal agencies. The shutdown affects workers nationwide and is the first since 2019.
Both Republican and Democratic funding plans failed in the Senate, with major disagreements over the length of funding and healthcare subsidies. Republicans called for a seven-week extension of current funding, while Democrats insisted on adding improved premium subsidies for the Affordable Care Act.
House Speaker Mike Johnson posted on social media to announce the closure, blaming Democrats and listing the short-term impacts: loss of nutrition aid for mothers and children, reduced veteran health services, fewer FEMA resources during hurricane season, and uncertainties about pay for soldiers and TSA workers. Democrats, including former Vice President Kamala Harris and Patty Murray, responded by stating: “Republicans are in charge of the White House, House, and Senate. This is their shutdown.” Murray added: “Make no mistake, our government has shut down because Republicans refuse to negotiate with Democrats and do their job.”
Essential services, including military, law enforcement, and air traffic control, continue to operate, although pay may be delayed. The postal service is not impacted since it is self-funded. However, the shutdown disrupts regular federal duties, including operations at national parks and museums. Many civilian employees at the Department of Defense face furloughs.
Historically, government shutdowns have led to furloughs, service delays, and economic costs. The 2018-2019 closure lasted 35 days, affecting 380,000 employees and costing nearly $5 billion. Earlier shutdowns, such as the one in 2013, impacted up to 800,000 workers and trimmed U.S. GDP growth. The reason for these events is often a lack of agreement on budget priorities or specific policies, such as health care funding.
No immediate resolution is expected, as both parties maintain their demands. Congressional negotiations continue, and the shutdown’s end remains uncertain.
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